Understanding the Difference Between STIs and STDs

While the terms STI (sexually transmitted infection) and STD (sexually transmitted disease) are often used interchangeably, they are different, and it’s essential to understand this distinction. Affinity Urgent Care, serving Alvin, La Marque, and Galveston, Texas, is here to explain these terms to increase awareness, reduce stigma, and encourage individuals to prioritize their sexual health.

The Distinction Between “Infection” and “Disease”

The difference between STIs and STDs is in their definitions. A sexually transmitted infection (STI) occurs when bacteria, viruses, or parasites are transmitted through sexual contact. An individual may not experience symptoms at this stage. On the other hand, sexually transmitted disease (STD) refers to when an infection begins to cause symptoms or health effects.

For example, many people carry the STI human papillomavirus (HPV) without showing symptoms. But HPV can progress and cause complications like genital warts or cervical cancer, and it would then be referred to as an STD.

Why Has Terminology Shifted?

Health care professionals and public health organizations now use the term STI instead of STD for the following reasons:

• Accuracy. Not all infections result in disease, making STI a more precise term.

• Encouraging preventive care. As many STIs can be asymptomatic, the term STI emphasizes the need for regular screening and early intervention.

• Reduced stigma. The term “disease” has a negative connotation, which may discourage individuals from seeking treatment.  

The shift to “infection” helps normalize sexual health discussions and promotes a culture of informed consent.

Common Misconceptions About STIs and STDs

Despite increased awareness, there are still misconceptions about STIs and STDs. Some of the most common include the following:

“Only promiscuous people get STIs.”

STIs can affect anyone who is sexually active. Even individuals in long-term relationships should get tested regularly.

“I don’t have an STI if I don’t have symptoms.”

Many STIs, such as HPV and chlamydia, don’t cause symptoms. Prioritizing routine testing and treating infections early is critical to staying healthy.

“STIs always lead to STDs.”

Not all STIs develop into STDs. With proper treatment, many STIs can be managed or eliminated before causing health issues.

“Using protection eliminates all risk of STIs.”

Condoms and other barrier methods significantly mitigate the risk of transmission but do not provide 100% protection. Some STIs, like herpes and HPV, can spread through skin-to-skin contact.

Empowerment Through Education and Testing

Understanding the difference between STIs and STDs is an important step toward prioritizing your sexual health and staying safe. By dispelling myths and using accurate terminology, we can reduce the stigma surrounding testing and foster open conversations about sexual health care.

We Put Your Health First

At Affinity Urgent Care, we provide discreet, comprehensive STI testing services in a nonjudgmental space. If you’re seeking STI testing services in Alvin, La Marque, or Galveston, Texas, please contact us today to learn more. You can also walk into our clinic for prompt care. And to make care more accessible, we offer reduced rates for self-pay patients and accept most major health insurance plans, including Medicaid, Medicare, and TRICARE.